Bearing Witness in Vixen:
An Interview with Poet Sandra Ridley
Sandra Ridley
is the author of three chapbooks and five books of poetry. Vixen is her
most recent collection, published by Book*hug Press in 2023.
Sandra Ridley reads in Ottawa on Saturday, March 23, 2024 as part of VERSeFest 2024.
Margo
LaPierre:
You write about violence, fear, power, dread, and relentlessness with abundant
care and lucidity, often in the interrogative mode. What kind of invitation do
these questions extend? What questions would you like readers to ask themselves
after reading Vixen?
Sandra
Ridley:
Thanks for asking about this. The interrogative mode is definitely purposeful.
Questioning
someone (and being questioned) is felt in the body. There’s an immediate shift.
And when there’s directness and clarity, there is no room to deny the meaning
or its implication. In its own way, questioning holds to account the perpetrators
of violence. Survivors rarely have a (safe) chance or (secure) occasion to ask
anything of their hunter-stalker or violent offender. In Vixen, through direct
questioning, it’s possible for the speaker to be both fiercely confrontational
and assertional.
In
the section titled “Thicket,” interrogations like “Does she take steps to
avoid her stalker?” come from the language of law enforcement and criminal
justice systems. In highlighting (or jacklighting) the notion of “victim”
blaming, the questions in this section are meant to expose some of the absurd
and deep-rooted biases, dogmas, judgements, and fallacies surrounding criminal
harassment.
I’ve
always seen the questions in Vixen acting as leg traps set to catch perpetrators
(and would-be perpetrators), akin to the hunter’s snap traps that he sets for his
prey. As for what I’d like readers to ask themselves? No questions. If
anything, I hope that those who feel afraid, or may have ever felt afraid, will
feel less alone.
ML: Did you run into
any surprises or challenges while researching for Vixen?
SR: The source
material on the medieval hunt, in particular the chronicles detailing fox
hunting as aristocratic “chaces,” was appalling. As is the practice. It has
been banned in many places, though bans are often ignored. And incredulously, fox
hunting, as chase, continues to fall within the law in several countries, including
the United States, Ireland, France, Australia, and Canada. These chases or
field hunts have special rules. In Ontario, you can still
chase
red fox, raccoon, coyote, and wolf, in accordance with the province’s Fish and
Wildlife Conservation Act.
Considering
the intersection of crises and the need for practices and ethics of
appreciation, care and respect, it isn’t an aside to mention that Toronto and forty-two
other Ontario municipalities declared gender-based, intimate partner violence an epidemic in 2023.
Each
depiction of a chase that I found for “The Season of the Haunt” felt equivalent
to a real-time live stream, experienced in present tense. Gathering the details
from treatises and records, then needing to integrate them into the manuscript,
then rereading for revisions… with each of these steps, I was disturbed for
days.
Even
if the language at times works as a healing balm, Vixen needed to be
filled with brutality. Because that reality exists. We’re encouraged (shamed)
to not to think about it or talk about it, and even more so for the ones
experiencing violence.
What
could I hope for from a reader? Would the text be asking them to experience a
trauma? It troubled me that I was writing a piece that even I as reader
wouldn’t want to sit with. I had never understood when someone said they felt “compelled”
to write something until I began this project. But there was no other way to
write it.
Like
a writer, a reader will do what they can with a work. This might mean a phrase
isn’t read, or that a reader slips in and out of a passage or a page, or that a
book is read in entirety in one sitting. A challenge for us all sometimes in
life, and in what we read or write, is in how we bear witness and how we accompany
a being living with unrelenting fear and pain. Whether or not we can. And if we
can, for how long.
ML: In the collection
there is a list poem, “The Beasts of Simple Chace” (which appeared in an
earlier version in periodicities): the gray, the vixen, the dammula, the
hind, the wilkatt, the roe, the hare, the gilt, presented from the perspective
of the hunter. Would you tell me a bit of what went into the making of this
section—choosing and conceptualizing these hunted creatures?
SR: “The Beasts of
Simple Chace” threads three elements into an arcing storyline that cuts across
time—loss of language, loss of species, loss of self. I wanted this serial poem
to salvage an aspect of the essential, inherent strength from each of them.
Many
of the creatures in this poem were selected because of their feminized, archaic,
non-extant names. And because historically many of them were killed for the
thrill of blood sport or for the bragging rights of trophy hunting, as described
in my sources; in particular The Master of Game: The Oldest English Book on
Hunting, by Edward of Norwich, Second Duke of York (1406). The features and
qualities that this “hunter” had assigned to each creature were also captivating.
In writing the serial opening foray, the upper tier of refrain for this poem,
lines were taken from the Duke of Norwich, and torqued.
In
reckoning the repetitive, age-old, and universal patterns of intimate partner violence,
this serial piece also embodies the notions of part/whole, then/now, self/other,
singular/plural, I/her, and individual/collective.
The
serial or sequential form felt necessary for this material, so that the reader
could uncover or recover the vital overlapping details, bit by bit. And like
the pattern of violence, and through the stalker’s voice, it repeats.
ML: I adore these
lines in “Thicket”: “And it sickens me, it does, and who wouldn’t despair? /
There are some who don’t despair. I do not want to know them. I know them. / I
do not want to know them.” Would you speak more on these lines, and perhaps on
the value of feeling and writing uncomfortable emotions?
SR: Like any of our
experiences, there is no requirement or guarantee that poetry will make us
comfortable in an easy-chair way. I keep thinking about Vanitas: Flesh
Dress for an Albino Anorectic by Jana Sterbak and about the
film Koyaanisqatsi: Life out of
Balance. Uncomfortable
emotions (like fear, disgust, or rage) are formidable. They can be powerful
inciters.
We all hope that everyone has the same moral compass, same
ethics, same values, same desires for the individual or for the collective, as
we ourselves do. And it’s shocking when they don’t. Or is it?
Undeniably,
there are times when we feel alone, isolated, splintered off. Sometimes we are.
It’s demoralizing to come to realize that people, maybe loved ones, are unable
to see the suffering happening in our world—be it up close or farther afield.
It’s
worse when people can’t feel it. Not feeling it lies too close to
denying it.
What’s
worse than that? Someone who enjoys suffering. Someone who thrives by perpetrating
it.
I
worry that we’re becoming numb. We are becoming numb. With Vixen, I
wanted somebody to feel something. Feeling something, even if the sensation is
traumatic, means we’re still alive. And if we’re feeling alive, there’s a
chance we can still care and can try to try to make this life of ours better,
and by that I mean our all-creature-encompassing Earth life better. The hardest
part, for me and for my work, may be finding the balance between despair and hope.
I
wanted to write hope and despair. Small triumph.
And yet…
The 2020 Wild Species report produced by the Government
of Canada tells us that 4,883 species or 20 percent are currently at risk
of extirpation, meaning that they are vulnerable, imperilled or critically
imperilled. 135 species are presumed already extirpated or they are no
longer found in Canada.
Also in
Canada, in 2022, there were 129,876 victims of police-reported
[italics mine] family violence and 117,093 victims of intimate
partner violence aged twelve years and older. “The rate of family
violence was more than two times higher among women and girls than among men
and boys. Meanwhile, the rate of intimate partner violence was more than three times higher
among women and girls than among men and boys.”
In 2023, in
Ontario, there were thirty femicides in thirty weeks from November 26 to June
30, according to a report by the Ontario Association of Interval and Transition
Houses. In 2022, the organization’s statistics showed fifty-two deaths in fifty-two
weeks.
Margo LaPierre is a neuroqueer poet and freelance
literary editor. She is Arc Poetry’s newsletter editor and a member of
the poetry collective VII. She won the 2021 Room Poetry Award and the
2020 subTerrain Fiction Award. She is completing her MFA in Creative
Writing at the University of British Columbia.